Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan\u2019\u0131n Afrika seyahati kapsam\u0131nda ziyaret etti\u011fi \u00c7ad Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin ba\u015fkenti ve en b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fehri Encemine (N\u2019Djam\u00e9na).<\/p>\n
\u00dclkenin n\u00fcfusu yakla\u015f\u0131k 13 milyon. Y\u00fcz\u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc ise 1 milyon 284 bin kilometrekare. 2016 verilerine g\u00f6re Gayrisafi Yurti\u00e7i Has\u0131las\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k 10 milyar dolar.<\/p>\n
\u00c7ad’\u0131n resmi dilleri Frans\u0131zca ve Arap\u00e7a. Ayr\u0131ca \u00c7ad’da Bagirmi, Zagava, Tubu, Gorani kabile dilleri konu\u015fuluyor.<\/p>\n
\u00dclkede ya\u015fayan ba\u015fl\u0131ca dini gruplar M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar, H\u0131ristiyanlar ve Animistler. Ba\u015fl\u0131ca etnik gruplar ise Araplar, Goran, Hacara, Vaday, P\u00f6l (Peul), Sara ve Zagava. Zagava, halihaz\u0131rda Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6revini s\u00fcrd\u00fcren Idriss D\u00e9by Itno’nun da mensubu oldu\u011fu etnik grup.<\/p>\n
\u00dclkenin \u00f6nemli siyasi partileri \u015funlar:<\/p>\n
Yurtsever Kurtulu\u015f Hareketi<\/p>\n
Kalk\u0131nma ve Yenilik \u0130\u00e7in Ulusal Birlik<\/p>\n
Demokrasi ve \u0130lerleme Hareketi<\/p>\n
Cumhuriyet\u00e7i Hareket ve Federasyon Partisi<\/p>\n
Yenilik ve Demokrasi i\u00e7in Birlik<\/p>\n
Ulusal Kalk\u0131nma ve \u0130lerleme Hareketi<\/p>\n
\u00c7ad; Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler, Afrika Birli\u011fi, Orta Afrika Devletleri Ekonomik Toplulu\u011fu, \u0130slam \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi Te\u015fkilat\u0131, Orta Afrika Ekonomik ve Parasal Birli\u011fi, Sahil-Sahra Devletler Toplulu\u011fu, Afrika Kalk\u0131nma Bankas\u0131 ve Uluslararas\u0131 Frankofoni Birli\u011fi \u00fcyesi.<\/p>\n
Siyasi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm<\/strong><\/p>\n \u00c7ad, Fransa modeli yar\u0131 ba\u015fkanl\u0131k sistemiyle y\u00f6netiliyor. Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 geni\u015f yetkilere sahip. \u00c7ad Ulusal Meclisi\u2019nde tek meclisli sistem benimsenmi\u015f durumda. 28 kad\u0131n milletvekili olmak \u00fczere toplam 188 milletvekili var.<\/p>\n 1 Aral\u0131k 1990’da eski Genelkurmay Ba\u015fkanlar\u0131ndan Idriss Deby askeri darbeyle Hisseine Habre iktidar\u0131na son verdi, devlet ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6revini \u00fcstlendi. Ayr\u0131ca Idriss Deby 1996, 2001, 2006, 2011 ve son olarak 2016 se\u00e7imlerini de kazand\u0131. Deby d\u00f6neminde, uzun s\u00fcre ara verilen \u00e7ok partili siyasi sistem tekrar kuruldu.<\/p>\n Bununla beraber 2005’te Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Deby\u2019nin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc kez Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na se\u00e7ilmek \u00fczere Anayasay\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirme giri\u015fiminin ard\u0131ndan, isyanc\u0131lar ve h\u00fck\u00fcmet g\u00fc\u00e7leri aras\u0131nda silahl\u0131 \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 ve \u015eubat 2008’de \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar ba\u015fkent Encemine\u2019ye kadar uzand\u0131.<\/p>\n Muhalifler boykot etti<\/strong><\/p>\n 13 A\u011fustos 2007’de h\u00fck\u00fcmet ve muhalefet aras\u0131nda var\u0131lan mutabakat gere\u011fi, Ulusal Se\u00e7im Komisyonu\u2019nun (CENI) olu\u015fturulmas\u0131na ve komisyon g\u00f6zetiminde genel se\u00e7imler ve devlet ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 se\u00e7imlerinin yap\u0131lmas\u0131na karar verildi. Muhalif adaylar 25 Nisan 2011’de yap\u0131lan devlet ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 se\u00e7imlerini \u015feffaf olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle boykot etti. Ancak Idriss Deby Itno tekrar devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131 se\u00e7ildi. 22 Ocak 2012’de ise, \u00fclke tarihinde ilk kez yerel se\u00e7imlere gidilerek belediye ba\u015fkanlar\u0131 atama yerine se\u00e7imle i\u015f ba\u015f\u0131na geldi.<\/p>\n Boko Haram\u2019la m\u00fccadeleye destek<\/strong><\/p>\n \u00c7ad, Mali\u2019deki BM Bar\u0131\u015f G\u00fcc\u00fc misyonlar\u0131na da katk\u0131 veriyor. Son olarak Boko Haram\u2019la m\u00fccadelede Kamerun\u2019a destek i\u00e7in yakla\u015f\u0131k 2 bin 500 asker g\u00f6revlendirdi.<\/p>\n Ba\u015fkent Encemine\u2019de Fransa\u2019n\u0131n askeri \u00fcss\u00fc de var. 1 A\u011fustos 2014 itibariyle faaliyete ge\u00e7en ve Sahel b\u00f6lgesindeki Frans\u0131z askeri varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tek \u00e7at\u0131 alt\u0131nda toplayan \u201cBarkhane\u201d askeri harekat\u0131n\u0131n merkezi komutas\u0131 Encemine\u2019de kuruldu.<\/p>\n Yoksulluk oran\u0131 y\u00fcksek<\/strong><\/p>\n \u00c7ad, alt\u0131n ve uranyum madenleri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan zengin bir \u00fclke. Ancak imkanlar \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcnde alt\u0131ndan s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 oranda yararlan\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n \u00dclkede 2003’ten itibaren petrol \u00fcretimine de ba\u015fland\u0131.<\/p>\n N\u00fcfusun y\u00fczde 85\u2019inin ge\u00e7im kayna\u011f\u0131 ise tar\u0131m ve hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k.<\/p>\n Yeralt\u0131 kaynaklar\u0131na ra\u011fmen \u00c7ad\u2019da halk\u0131n y\u00fczde 55\u2019i yoksulluk seviyesinin alt\u0131nda ya\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n 2014’te ortalama insan \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fcn en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu\u011fu \u00fclkelerden \u00c7ad\u2019da ortalama ya\u015fam s\u00fcresi 49,1 y\u0131l. En az geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelerden biri olarak \u00c7ad, 2015 \u0130nsani Kalk\u0131nma \u0130ndeksi\u2019nde 188 \u00fclke i\u00e7erisinde 185. s\u0131rada yer ald\u0131.<\/p>\n \u0130nsani ve g\u00fcvenlik sorunlar\u0131na bir de Ebola salg\u0131n\u0131 eklenince \u00c7ad kom\u015fu \u00fclkelerle s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 kapatmak ve uluslararas\u0131 u\u00e7u\u015flar\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rmak zorunda kald\u0131.<\/p>\n Bu durum da \u00fclke ekonomisini olumsuz etkiledi.<\/p>\n T\u00fcrkiye \u00f6nem veriyor<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u00c7ad ileT\u00fcrkiyearas\u0131ndaki siyasi ili\u015fkilerin ge\u00e7mi\u015fi ise 16. y\u00fczy\u0131la kadar dayan\u0131yor. \u0130ki \u00fclke ili\u015fkileri son y\u0131llarda da ivme kazand\u0131.<\/p>\n 1969’da Nijerya’daki T\u00fcrk B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7ili\u011fi’nin \u00c7ad’a akredite olmas\u0131yla ili\u015fkiler yeniden tesis edildi.<\/p>\n Daha sonra 1 Mart 2013’te Encemine’de T\u00fcrk B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7ili\u011fi faaliyete ge\u00e7ti. \u00c7ad’\u0131n Ankara B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7ili\u011fi ise 10 Aral\u0131k 2014’te a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n Dokuzuncu Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 S\u00fcleyman Demirel’in davetiyle \u00c7ad Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131Idriss D\u00e9by 27-30 Nisan 2000’de T\u00fcrkiye’yi ziyaret etti.<\/p>\n D\u00f6nemin \u00c7ad Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Kalzeube Payimi Deubet de 15-18 Aral\u0131k 2014’te T\u00fcrkiye’ye resmi ziyaret d\u00fczenledi.<\/p>\n Deubet\u2019nin ziyareti sonras\u0131nda, T\u00fcrkiye-\u00c7ad Karma Ekonomik Komisyonu (KEK) I. D\u00f6nem Toplant\u0131s\u0131 28 Ocak 2015’te Ankara\u2019da yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n T\u00fcrkiye ve \u00c7ad aras\u0131ndaki toplam ticaret hacmi 2016 itibariyle yakla\u015f\u0131k 40 milyon dolar seviyesinde. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin \u00c7ad’a yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ihracat yakla\u015f\u0131k 18 milyon, ithalat ise yakla\u015f\u0131k 22 milyon dolar.<\/p>\n 12 Aral\u0131k 2013’te THY \u0130stanbul-Encemine do\u011frudan seferlerine ba\u015flad\u0131. 1 Ocak 2015’te ise T\u0130KA\u2019n\u0131n Encemine Ofisi a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131. \u00c7ad\u2019\u0131n \u0130stanbul\u2019da Fahri Konsoloslu\u011fu var.<\/p>\n T\u00fcrkiye’de \u00c7ad’l\u0131 500 \u00f6\u011frenci okuyor.<\/p>\n Kaynak: TRT Haber, T\u00fcrk D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" T\u00fcrkiye’den ilk kez bir cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 \u00c7ad’\u0131 ziyaret ediyor. Peki T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin \u00c7ad\u2019la ili\u015fkileri nas\u0131l, \u00fclkenin siyasi durumu ve ekonomisi ne durumda? \u0130\u015fte \u00c7ad\u2019\u0131n k\u00fcnyesi\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1000097,"featured_media":2423,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[85],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vizyon2023.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2422"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vizyon2023.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vizyon2023.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vizyon2023.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1000097"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vizyon2023.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2422"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vizyon2023.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2422\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vizyon2023.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2423"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vizyon2023.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2422"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vizyon2023.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2422"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vizyon2023.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2422"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}